Symptoms of Panic Disorder

Panic attacks often come with intense physical symptoms that can include:

• Tachycardia (rapid heartbeat)

• Chest pain or discomfort

• Gastrointestinal distress

• Dizziness or lightheadedness

• Hot flashes or chills

• Shortness of breath

• Tingling or numbness

• Fear of dying

These attacks typically last for several minutes up to an hour. Because their symptoms resemble those of a heart attack, individuals experiencing them often seek emergency medical care. Once medical tests rule out physical causes, a panic attack diagnosis is made. If these attacks happen repeatedly, the individual is diagnosed with panic disorder. Unfortunately, the fear of having another panic attack can become self-perpetuating, leading patients to restrict their activities, and in severe cases, avoid leaving the house altogether.

Diagnosing Panic Disorder

Diagnosing panic disorder typically involves:

• Medical history & physical examination – A healthcare provider will review your medical history and conduct a physical exam to rule out underlying medical conditions, such as heart disease or thyroid problems, that may cause similar symptoms.
• Psychological evaluation – The provider will assess the frequency, triggers, and characteristics of your panic attacks, along with the impact on your daily life.
• Diagnostic criteria (DSM-5) – Your symptoms will be compared to the criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) to confirm a diagnosis of panic disorder.
• Questionnaires or assessments – These tools, such as the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS), may be used to gauge the severity and frequency of panic attacks and evaluate how they affect your quality of life.
• Differential diagnosis – The doctor will differentiate panic disorder from other potential conditions, such as generalized anxiety disorder or specific phobias, to ensure an accurate diagnosis.

Panic Disorder Treatment in Las Vegas

Effective treatment for panic disorder often includes a combination of medication and psychotherapy. While various therapeutic methods can help alleviate general anxiety, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has proven especially effective in treating panic disorder. CBT helps patients confront and change the thought patterns that fuel their fear and avoidance behaviors.

For immediate relief during panic attacks, tranquilizers may be prescribed to reduce the intensity of the symptoms. Antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), can also be used to reduce the frequency and severity of panic attacks over time. However, it’s important to note that antidepressants may take several weeks to become effective, and patients must be carefully monitored, especially since there is a risk of suicidal thoughts in children, adolescents, and young adults. Fortunately, if such side effects occur, they are usually temporary and can be managed with professional care.